How Much Turkey per Person?

Plan ⅓ lb of cooked turkey per adult with two or three sides — ½ lb when it's the main event — and buy raw at the 45–55% yield shown below. Kids count half.

Quick calculator — your crowd

Turkey for 10 to 100 guests

Standard scenario: adults, average appetites, two or three sides on the table. The "at the counter" column rounds up to pieces you can actually buy.

GuestsCooked meatRaw to buyAt the counter
10 3.5 lb 6–7.5 lb one ~11-lb whole turkey (≈11 lb)
20 6.5 lb 12–14.5 lb one ~15-lb whole turkey (≈15 lb)
25 8.5 lb 15–18.5 lb two ~11-lb whole turkeys (≈22 lb)
50 16.5 lb 30–37 lb three ~12.5-lb whole turkeys (≈38 lb)
100 33 lb 60–73 lb five ~15-lb whole turkeys (≈75 lb)

The yield: raw pound ≠ served pound

The carcass takes its share: about half a turkey’s raw weight becomes servable meat. A 13-lb bird yields roughly 6½ lb — dinner for a dozen with the usual holiday spread, before the sandwich raid.

⚠️ Keep smoker birds at 15 lb or under. A low-and-slow cook moves a bigger bird through the 40–140°F bacterial window too slowly to be safe — for a big table, smoke two 12-pounders instead of one 24-lb bird. They’ll cook faster and carve better anyway.

Buying turkey: what to look for

The famous 1–1½ lb of raw turkey per person you’ve seen elsewhere already includes the leftovers tradition — the math here shows the honest floor, so lean toward two birds rather than one big one when the guest list grows. Buy natural (not pre-basted/"self-basting") if you plan to brine. Thawing is the sleeper task: a frozen 13-lb bird needs about 3 days in the fridge.

🌡️ Food safety: USDA: turkey is safe at 165°F in the thickest breast AND the inner thigh. Time-per-pound is only a planning number — the thermometer decides. Timing charts at 225/250/275°F: turkey cook times.

Frequently asked questions

How much turkey per person?

⅓ lb of cooked turkey per adult when two or three sides share the table, ½ lb for hearty appetites or a meat-centered meal; kids about half. Since turkey keeps only 45–55% of its raw weight, that's roughly 0.60–0.73 lb raw per adult.

How much turkey for 20 people?

About 12–14.5 lb raw for 20 adults with a normal spread of sides — at the counter, one ~15-lb whole turkey (≈15 lb). Scale with the chart above or the calculator for your exact crowd.

Why buy so much more raw turkey than you serve?

The carcass takes its share: about half a turkey’s raw weight becomes servable meat. A 13-lb bird yields roughly 6½ lb — dinner for a dozen with the usual holiday spread, before the sandwich raid.

What internal temperature is turkey safe at?

USDA: turkey is safe at 165°F in the thickest breast AND the inner thigh. Time-per-pound is only a planning number — the thermometer decides. Doneness details and hour-per-pound charts are on the turkey cook-time page.

Why not smoke a 20-lb turkey?

Food safety. At 225–275°F a very large bird spends too long between 40°F and 140°F, where bacteria multiply. Two 12-lb birds give the same meat, finish sooner, fit better, and give you four drumsticks.